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循环

循环语句,而[循环语句]由[循环体]及循环的判定[条件]两部分组成

for_stmt ::=  "for" target_list "in" expression_list ":" suite
              ["else" ":" suite]

for 语句

Python for 循环可以遍历任何可迭代对象,如一个列表或者一个字符串。

for循环的一般格式如下:

for <variable> in <sequence>:
    <statements>
else:
    <statements>

image-20220919202748489

例:

for i in range(5,8):
    print(i)

运行结果:

5
6
7

breakcontinue 语句及 else 子句

break 语句,用于跳出最近的 forwhile 循环。

循环语句支持 else 子句;for 循环中,可迭代对象中的元素全部循环完毕,或 while 循环的条件为假时,执行该子句;break 语句终止循环时,不执行该子句。 请看下面这个查找素数的循环示例:

for n in range(2, 10):
    for x in range(2, n):
        if n % x == 0:
            print(n, 'equals', x, '*', n // x)
            break
    else:
        print(n, 'is a prime number')

运行结果:

2 is a prime number
3 is a prime number
4 equals 2 * 2
5 is a prime number
6 equals 2 * 3
7 is a prime number
8 equals 2 * 4
9 equals 3 * 3

continue 语句,表示继续执行循环的下一次迭代

for num in range(2, 10):
    if num % 2 == 0:
        print("Found an even number", num)
        continue
    print("Found an odd number", num)

运行结果:

Found an even number 2
Found an odd number 3
Found an even number 4
Found an odd number 5
Found an even number 6
Found an odd number 7
Found an even number 8
Found an odd number 9