循环
循环语句,而[循环语句]由[循环体]及循环的判定[条件]两部分组成
for_stmt ::= "for" target_list "in" expression_list ":" suite
["else" ":" suite]
for 语句
Python for 循环可以遍历任何可迭代对象,如一个列表或者一个字符串。
for循环的一般格式如下:
for <variable> in <sequence>:
<statements>
else:
<statements>
例:
for i in range(5,8):
print(i)
运行结果:
5
6
7
break
、continue
语句及 else
子句
break
语句,用于跳出最近的 for
或 while
循环。
循环语句支持 else
子句;for
循环中,可迭代对象中的元素全部循环完毕,或 while
循环的条件为假时,执行该子句;break
语句终止循环时,不执行该子句。 请看下面这个查找素数的循环示例:
for n in range(2, 10):
for x in range(2, n):
if n % x == 0:
print(n, 'equals', x, '*', n // x)
break
else:
print(n, 'is a prime number')
运行结果:
2 is a prime number
3 is a prime number
4 equals 2 * 2
5 is a prime number
6 equals 2 * 3
7 is a prime number
8 equals 2 * 4
9 equals 3 * 3
continue
语句,表示继续执行循环的下一次迭代
for num in range(2, 10):
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Found an even number", num)
continue
print("Found an odd number", num)
运行结果:
Found an even number 2
Found an odd number 3
Found an even number 4
Found an odd number 5
Found an even number 6
Found an odd number 7
Found an even number 8
Found an odd number 9